Recent advances in biochar engineering for soil contaminated with complex chemical mixtures: Remediation strategies and future perspectives
نویسندگان
چکیده
Heavy metal/metalloids (HMs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil have caused serious environmental problems, compromised agriculture quality, detrimental effects on all forms of life including humans. There is a need to develop appropriate effective remediation methods resolve combined contaminated problems. Although conventional technologies exist tackle soils, application biochar as an renewable adsorbent for enhanced bioremediation considered by many scientific researchers promising strategy mitigate HM/PAH co-contaminated soils. This review aims to: (i) provide overview preparation its application, (ii) critically discuss examine the prospects (bio)engineered enhancing HMs/PAHs co-remediation efficacy reducing their mobility bioavailability. The adsorption effectiveness largely depends type biomass material, carbonisation method pyrolysis conditions. Biochar induced immobilise remove metal ions via various mechanisms electrostatic attractions, ion exchange, complexation precipitation. PAHs are achieved pore filling, hydrophobic effect, attraction, hydrogen bond partitioning. During last decade, engineering (modification) biological chemical approaches enhance contaminant removal efficiency has garnered greater interests. Hence, development biochars risk management, management associated with soil. In terms biochar, we amalgamating hydrogel, digestate bioaugmentation produce composites.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Science of The Total Environment
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['0048-9697', '1879-1026']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144351